Apparatus for making forgings



Feb. 13, 1923.

M. W. KELLOGG ET AL APPARATUS FOR MAKNG FORGINGS Filed Feb.

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. u seful Improve-ments Patented Feb. 13, i923.

UNITED STATES MORRIS W. KELLOGG, OF NEW YORK. N. Y..

PATENT OFFICE.

`.ann EMIL r. HOLINGER, or JERSEY CITY,

NEWr JERSEY, ASSIGNORS TO THE M. W. KELLOGG COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

.APPARATUS FOR MAKINGFORGING-S.

Application filed February 5, 1.920. Serial No. 356,506.

To all w 7mm t may concern Be it known that we, Mouais lV. KnLLoee and EMIL F, HOLINGER, citizens of the United States, and residing, respectively, in the city, county,`and State of New York, and Jersey City, county of Hudson, State ot New Jersey, have invented certain new and in Apparatus for Making Forgings, `of which the following is a full, clear, exact, and concise description.

The object ot our invention is to produce forgings for largek hydraulic fittings and similar parts made of steel, iron or similar strong metallic material without the necessity ot hammering or pressing the same into shape by the usual methods employed in connection with the art of forging by the use of steam or air hammers or byv the method known as drop forging. This invention relates primarily to the manufacture of articles whichv are hollow and consists 'mainly of metallic shells of steel or similar material, such as those comprising pipe oi` hydraulic fittings already referred to, although it' is not limited thereto.

Briefly stated, our invention comprises the shaping` of a billet or blank of steel or similar material into the lrequired 'form by the use oic a die or matrix carried ina strong,

preferably integral, die holder and into which the billet or blank is introduced.`

\ vHow from the center outward in substantially radial directions andto lill orconform to the contour -or shape oi the die or ulatriX. enter the hot plastic material yfrom various directions, dependingupon the shape of the article being forged, so that the tlowing of the metal is substantially uniform. For a.

detailed description of one embodiment of our invention which we deem at present preferable, reference may be had to the following specification and to the accompanying drawings forming part thereof, in which- Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a table or platen, and illustrates the progressive movements of the dieor matrixthereon during the various steps of the: process;

F ig. 2 is a sectional plan view of the same;

These punches or piercing tools Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional View, substantially on the line A-A, Fig. 2, showing the parts as arranged during the last step oi the process; and

Fig. 4l is an elevation ot a finished valve body mace according to our process.

Referring to Fig. l, the numeral l indi cales the die or matrix which is preferably made in two symmetrical parts as indicated. The interior shape or contour of this die is the same as the form desired to be given to the valve body or casing, or lother fittings to be made therein. The two halves of the die or matrix lare placed on the lower level ot the platen or bed ofthe apparatus, as indicated by the numeral 2. By means of: a hydraulic or steam actuated plunger 3,A the matrix 1 is pushed toward the le'ltfuntil it Vrests on the elevating platform l operated by the plunger 5. The two halves of the die are now pushed-up through an opening:

in the platen 6 until the same enters the die holder 7 which is located over said opening. This die holder 7 is attached tok a hori- Zontally reciprocating rod or bar 8 operated by hydraulic or steam .pressure or otherwise as it may be considered` preferable. This rod or bar 8 `is next moved in the direction of the arrow thereby drawing the die holder and die contained therein to a position beneath the vertical plate 9, as in dictated in Figs. 1 and 2. This position of the die holder 7 is also opposite a trough l() shown most clearly in Fig. 2 and which =supports the heated billet or blank 11 to be operated upon. The latter is then pushed through an opening 12 in one end of the die holder until it rests centrally within the die itself. Thereafter, the vertical stopping-oil plate 9 having a hole 13 is dropped into a similarly shaped recess, oropening, in the die holder 7. The die holder and die are next moved it'urthertoward the left until the same are placed below the punch or piercing tool 14 operated hydraulically vor in any other suitable way, by a suitable cylinderl located above the same, but not shown, and `which is supported by the upright bars or posts 15. Located laterally on each side of the last position of the die holder and die, horizontal punches or piercing tools 16 are provided, `also `operated hydraulically in any suitable way. These' piercing tools 14 and 1G are then caused to move under heavy hydraulicpressure into the die holder lio and die and thereby cause the material of the billet to l'low outward and fillthe spaces in the die provided to give the required shape. llhelexact sequence in which these punches or piercing tools enter the die should l.)e.detei1riiiiecl according to the shape and sine ot the article being` VVtermed, different articles requiring` different movements ci these tools, that is, as regards whether `their movements are simultaneous, succes-l sive, step by step, or continuous and independently progressive.`

Fig. 3 in'dfcates the third and last step ol' the process `just` referred to, the piercing tools 16A being indicated as partly withdrawn il'rom the finishedarticle or valve casing l lo remove the forged article itiomthe die, the movements ci" the die and die holder are reversed until the die reachesits original position on the lower portion. oit the platen at 2, Where the die `is-openedaiid the article i Withdrawn- ,Itshoul'd be understood that the apparatusabove described is not adapted to a proc-v ess like thatlnown` as die cast-ing in which small metallic parts made oi soft metal are manufactured rapidly vand accurately by `hydraulie pressure 4but on the other hand is designed for making large pipe fittings and similar articles made 'from steel and similar hard metals of high tensile strength.

l lli-ving tli'uside'scribed.this torni ol our invention, we do not wish to be understood as being limited to the details above set forth, for` many variations may be made therein,

without departing` from. the spirit and scope `of our invention.

- `that we claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:

l., Apparatus for forging hollow articles from steel and similar materials. which comprises a suitable hollov.T die, a die holder directly contacting with the die on opposite sides to prevent the separation of the parts thereof, means tor introducino' a blank intoA said die, said die and die holder having a plurality of openings therein to receive suitable piercing` tools, and means ior expanding said blanlr within said die when 1n said holder comprising a plurality oit piercing tools or punches adapted to enter said open-4 ings and advance to the center oit said die.

2. Apparatus for forging hollow articles,

from steel and similar materials, which coin- `prisesa suitable die made in a plurality of separable parts, a die holder encircling and ldirectly contacting'with the sameon opposite sides to prevent the separation `oi` the parts thereof, means for introducing a blank into said die, said die and die holder havingaplurality of openings therein to receive suitable piercing tools, and means for expanding saidblank Within said die when in said holder comprising a plurality ,olpiercing tools or punches adapted to enter said iiito said die, means for expanding a. billet in said die comprising piercing tools or punches, said die and die holder having a plurality of openings therein to receive said piercing tools and an opening to receive a stopping oil' plate, and a stopping o'lfplate having an opening therein to receive one ot said tools.

d. Apparatus for forging hollow articles Y.

from metal, which comprises a bed, a die holder oiisaidibed having an opening in its bottom, a die, means; 'for vintroducing said die into said holder, and means for moving said holder along said bed from the point t'or introducing the die therein to a point Where said bed supportsthe bottom of the die in the holder. i

5, Apparatus for forging hollow articles from metal, which comprises a bed, a die holder on said bed having an opening in its bottom and an opening in one side for introducing a billet, means Jfor introducing'a die into said holder, means for introducing a billet therein, means for expanding a billet in said die, and means for nioving'said holder, die and billet along said bed to the position for acting on said billet by said expanding` means, said bed supporting said die while said expanding means are operat-y ing on said billet.

6. Apparatus for `forging hollow articles trom metal, which comprises a bed,l die holder `on said bed having an opening `for introducing a die therein, means for introducing` said die at a deiinit'e point on said bed, means for expanding abillet in said die in said holder, said expanding means being spaced from said introducing means along said bed, and means :for moving said holder along ksaid bed from one of said means to the other.

7. Apparatus for forging hollow articles from metal, which comprises a bed, a die holder on said bedhavin'g an .opening in its bottom for introducing a die into the holder, said holder having' apertures therein for introducing a billet into the die in the holder and apertures `through which expanding means may operate on said billet, a means` for introducing a die into said'holder'at a, v

definite point on said bed, means `for introducing` a billet into said die in said holder, means for expanding said billet in said die, said die introducing means, said billet introducing means and said expanding means being placed at diiierent points along said bed, and means for moving said die holder die and contacting therewith directly on four sides to prevent separation `of the parts of the die during the forging operation, said die and die holder having a plurality of openings therein to receive suitable piercing tools, and means for expanding a billet in said die comprising a plurality of piercing tools adapted to enter said openings and advance to the center of said die.

9. Apparatus for forging hollow7 articles from steel and similar materials comprising a divided die, a die holder encircling said die and contacting therewith directly on four sides to prevent separation of the parts of the die duringr the forging operation, said die and die holder having a plurality oi.' openings therein to receive suitable tools, one oil said openings being adapted to receive a blank or billet, a stopping ofi' plate for said last mentioned opening, and means for expanding a billet in said die comprising a plurality of piercing tools adapted to enter said openings and advance to the center of said die.

MORRIS W. KELLOGG. Y EMIL F. HQLINGER. 

